Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 24th

Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Completely, Accurately and Comprehensively Implementing the New Development Concept and Doing a Good Job in Carbon Neutrality

(September 22, 2021)

Realizing carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is a major strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core to coordinate the overall domestic and international situations. A solemn commitment to building a community with a shared future for mankind. In order to fully, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, and do a good job in carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, the following opinions are hereby offered.

1. General requirements

(1) Guiding ideology. Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Party and the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the Nineteenth Central Committee, thoroughly implement Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization, base on the new development stage, implement the new Development concepts, build a new development pattern, adhere to the system concept, properly handle the relationship between development and emission reduction, overall and partial, short-term and medium- and long-term, integrate carbon peaking and carbon neutrality into the overall economic and social development, and comprehensively green the economic and social development. Leading by transformation, with green and low-carbon energy development as the key, accelerate the formation of industrial structures, production methods, lifestyles, and spatial patterns that conserve resources and protect the environment, and unswervingly follow the path of high-quality development that prioritizes ecology, green, and low-carbon, and ensures that Realize carbon peak and carbon neutrality as scheduled.

(2) Working principles

To achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, we must adhere to the principles of "national overall planning, priority to conservation, two-wheel drive, smooth internal and external communication, and risk prevention".

——National coordination. A game of chess across the country, strengthen the top-level design, give full play to the advantages of the system, implement the same responsibility of the party and the government, and consolidate the responsibilities of all parties. According to the actual situation of each region, implement classified policies, encourage proactive actions, and take the lead in reaching the peak.

——Priority is given to saving. Put energy conservation in the first place, implement a comprehensive conservation strategy, continue to reduce energy resource consumption and carbon emissions per unit of output, improve input and output efficiency, advocate a simple, moderate, green and low-carbon lifestyle, and form effective carbon emissions from the source and entrance control valve.

——Two-wheel drive. The government and the market are working together to build a new nationwide system, strengthen technological and institutional innovation, and accelerate the green and low-carbon technological revolution. Deepen reforms in energy and related fields, give full play to the role of market mechanisms, and form effective incentive and restraint mechanisms.

——Smooth inside and outside. Based on the actual situation of the country, coordinate domestic and international energy resources, and promote advanced green and low-carbon technologies and experience. Coordinate the external struggle and cooperation in response to climate change, continuously enhance international influence and discourse power, and resolutely safeguard my country's development rights and interests.

  --Risk prevention. Properly handle the relationship between pollution reduction and carbon reduction, energy security, industrial chain supply chain security, food security, and normal life of the masses, effectively deal with the economic, financial, and social risks that may accompany green and low-carbon transformation, prevent overreaction, and ensure safe carbon reduction.

2. Main objectives

By 2025, the economic system of green, low-carbon and circular development will be initially formed, and the energy utilization efficiency of key industries will be greatly improved. Energy consumption per unit of GDP will drop by 13.5% compared to 2020; carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will drop by 18% compared to 2020; the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will reach about 20%; the forest coverage rate will reach 24.1%, and the forest stock volume will reach 180% billion cubic meters, laying a solid foundation for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality.

By 2030, the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development will achieve remarkable results, and the energy utilization efficiency of key energy-consuming industries will reach the international advanced level. The energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped significantly; carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP have dropped by more than 65% compared with 2005; the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption has reached about 25%, and the total installed capacity of wind power and solar power has reached more than 1.2 billion kilowatts; forest coverage The rate will reach about 25%, the forest stock volume will reach 19 billion cubic meters, and the carbon dioxide emission will reach its peak and achieve a steady decline.

By 2060, a green, low-carbon and circular economic system and a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system will be fully established, energy utilization efficiency will reach the international advanced level, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will reach more than 80%, and the goal of carbon neutrality will be successfully achieved. The construction of civilization has achieved fruitful results, creating a new realm of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

3. Promoting the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development

(3) Strengthen the guidance of green and low-carbon development planning. Fully integrate the requirements of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals into the medium and long-term planning of economic and social development, and strengthen the support and guarantee of national development planning, land space planning, special planning, regional planning and local planning at all levels. Strengthen the cohesion and coordination between various types of plans at all levels to ensure that the main goals, development directions, major policies, and major projects of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality are implemented in all regions and fields.

(4) Optimizing the regional layout of green and low-carbon development. Continue to optimize the layout of major infrastructure, major productivity and public resources, and build a new pattern of land and space development and protection that is conducive to carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. In the implementation of major regional strategies such as the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, strengthen the orientation and task requirements of green and low-carbon development.

(5) Accelerate the formation of green production and lifestyle. Vigorously promote energy conservation and emission reduction, comprehensively promote clean production, accelerate the development of circular economy, strengthen the comprehensive utilization of resources, and continuously improve the level of green and low-carbon development. Expand the supply and consumption of green and low-carbon products, and advocate a green and low-carbon lifestyle. Incorporate green and low-carbon development into the national education system. Carry out demonstration and creation of green and low-carbon social actions. Consolidate the consensus of the whole society and accelerate the formation of a good pattern of participation by the whole people.

4. In-depth adjustment of industrial structure

(6) Promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. Accelerate the promotion of green agricultural development, promote agricultural carbon sequestration and increase efficiency. Formulate carbon peak implementation plans for industries and fields such as energy, steel, non-ferrous metals, petrochemicals, building materials, transportation, and construction. Guided by energy conservation and carbon reduction, revise the guidance catalog for industrial restructuring. Carry out "look back" to reduce production capacity of steel and coal, and consolidate the results of production capacity reduction. Accelerate the promotion of low-carbon process innovation and digital transformation in the industrial field. Carry out the construction of carbon peak pilot parks. Accelerate the green transformation of commercial circulation and information services, and improve the low-carbon development level of the service industry.

(7) Resolutely curb the blind development of high energy consumption and high emission projects. New construction and expansion of steel, cement, flat glass, electrolytic aluminum and other high-energy-consuming and high-emission projects strictly implement production capacity equalization or reduction replacement, and introduce production capacity control policies for coal power, petrochemical, and coal chemical industries. Those that have not been included in the national industrial planning for relevant fields shall not build, renovate, expand or expand oil refining and build ethylene, p-xylene, or coal-to-olefins projects. Reasonably control the scale of coal-to-oil and gas production capacity. Raise the access standards for energy consumption of high-energy-consuming and high-emission projects. Strengthen overcapacity analysis, early warning and window guidance.

(8) Vigorously develop green and low-carbon industries. Accelerate the development of new-generation information technology, biotechnology, new energy, new materials, high-end equipment, new energy vehicles, green environmental protection, aerospace, marine equipment and other strategic emerging industries. Build a green manufacturing system. Promote the deep integration of emerging technologies such as the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence, and fifth-generation mobile communications (5G) with green and low-carbon industries.

V. Accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system

(9) Strengthen the dual control of energy consumption intensity and total energy consumption. Adhere to the energy development strategy of giving priority to energy conservation, strictly control energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission intensity, reasonably control the total energy consumption, and establish a carbon dioxide emission control system in an overall manner. Do a good job in the connection between industrial layout, structural adjustment, energy conservation review and dual control of energy consumption, and implement delayed approval and limited approval of projects, equal or reduced energy consumption in areas where the goal of reducing energy consumption intensity is severe. Strengthen energy-saving supervision and law enforcement, strengthen energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission control target analysis and early warning, and strictly implement and evaluate responsibilities. Strengthen the control of non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gases such as methane.

(10) Significantly improve energy utilization efficiency. Integrate energy conservation throughout the entire process of economic and social development and in various fields, continue to deepen energy conservation in key areas such as industry, construction, transportation, and public institutions, and improve the energy efficiency of information infrastructure such as data centers and new communications. Improve the energy management system, and strengthen energy-saving management and target responsibilities of key energy-consuming units. Aim at the international advanced level, accelerate the implementation of energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation and upgrading, and create a "leader" in energy efficiency.

(11) Strictly control the consumption of fossil energy. Accelerate the pace of coal reduction, strictly control the growth of coal consumption during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, and gradually reduce it during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, oil consumption entered a peak plateau period. Coordinate the development of coal power and ensure supply and peak regulation, strictly control the scale of coal power installed capacity, and accelerate the energy-saving upgrade and flexibility transformation of existing coal power units. Gradually reduce until coal scattered burning is prohibited. Accelerate the large-scale development of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas, coalbed methane, and tight oil and gas. Strengthen risk management and control to ensure safe and stable energy supply and smooth transition.

(12) Actively develop non-fossil energy. Implement renewable energy substitution actions, vigorously develop wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, ocean energy, geothermal energy, etc., and continuously increase the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption. Adhere to the simultaneous development of centralized and distributed, and give priority to promoting the development and utilization of wind energy and solar energy on the spot and nearby. Develop hydropower according to local conditions. Actively, safely and orderly develop nuclear power. Rational use of biomass energy. Accelerate the large-scale application of pumped storage and new energy storage. Coordinate and promote the development of the whole chain of hydrogen energy "production, storage, transportation and use". Build a new power system with new energy as the main body, and improve the power grid's ability to absorb and regulate a high proportion of renewable energy.

(13) Deepen the reform of the energy system and mechanism. Comprehensively promote the market-oriented reform of electricity, accelerate the cultivation and development of independent market players in the distribution and sales of electricity, improve the connection mechanism between the medium and long-term market, the spot market and the auxiliary service market, and expand the scale of market-oriented transactions. Promote the reform of the power grid system, and clarify the main market status of incremental distribution networks, micro-grids, and distributed power sources that mainly accommodate renewable energy. Accelerate the formation of a new power installation development mechanism based on energy storage and peak-shaving capabilities. Improve the market-based pricing mechanism for energy products such as electricity. Deepen electricity price reform from the perspective of benefiting energy conservation, rationalize the structure of transmission and distribution electricity prices, and fully liberalize electricity prices in competitive links. Promote market-oriented reforms such as coal, oil and gas, and accelerate the improvement of a unified energy market.

6. Accelerate the construction of low-carbon transportation system

(14) Optimizing the transportation structure. Accelerate the construction of a comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network, vigorously develop multimodal transportation, increase the proportion of railways and waterways in comprehensive transportation, and continue to reduce transportation energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission intensity. Optimize passenger transport organization and guide passenger transport enterprises to operate in a large-scale and intensive manner. Accelerate the development of green logistics, integrate transportation resources, and improve utilization efficiency.

(15) Promote energy-saving and low-carbon vehicles. Accelerate the development of new energy and clean energy vehicles and ships, promote intelligent transportation, promote the electrification of railways, promote the construction of hydrogen refueling stations, and promote the normal use of shore power when ships call at ports. Accelerate the construction of a convenient, efficient, and moderately advanced charging and swapping network system. Improve the energy efficiency standards of fuel vehicles and ships, improve the energy efficiency labeling system for transportation equipment, and accelerate the elimination of old vehicles and ships with high energy consumption and high emissions.

(16) Actively guide low-carbon travel. Accelerate the construction of large-capacity public transport infrastructure such as urban rail transit, bus lanes, and rapid transit systems, and strengthen the construction of urban slow-moving systems such as bicycle lanes and pedestrian walkways. Comprehensively use legal, economic, technical, administrative and other means to increase the intensity of urban traffic congestion control.

　

7. Improve the quality of green and low-carbon development in urban and rural construction

(17) Promote the low-carbon transformation of urban and rural construction and management models. Fully implement green and low-carbon requirements in all aspects of urban and rural planning, construction and management. Promote the development of urban groups, build urban ecology and ventilation corridors, and improve the level of urban greening. Reasonably plan the development goals of urban construction area, and strictly control the construction of high-energy-consuming public buildings. Implement green construction in the whole process of project construction, improve the building demolition management system, and put an end to large-scale demolition and large-scale construction. Accelerate the construction of green communities. Combined with the implementation of rural construction actions, promote the green and low-carbon development of counties and rural areas.

(18) Vigorously develop energy-saving and low-carbon buildings. Continue to improve energy-saving standards for new buildings, and accelerate the large-scale development of ultra-low energy consumption, near-zero energy consumption, and low-carbon buildings. Vigorously promote the energy-saving transformation of existing buildings and municipal infrastructure in cities and towns, and improve the energy-saving and low-carbon level of buildings. Gradually carry out building energy consumption quota management, implement building energy efficiency evaluation labels, and carry out low-carbon development performance evaluation in the building sector. Comprehensively promote green and low-carbon building materials and promote the recycling of building materials. Develop green farm houses.

(19) Speed up the optimization of building energy structure. Deepen the application of renewable energy in buildings, and accelerate the electrification and low-carbonization of building energy use. Carry out the photovoltaic action on building roofs, and greatly increase the electrification rate of building heating, domestic hot water, and cooking. Accelerate the promotion of cogeneration and central heating in northern towns, accelerate the large-scale development of industrial waste heat heating, actively and steadily promote nuclear power waste heat heating, and promote clean and low-carbon heating such as heat pumps, gas, biomass energy, and geothermal energy according to local conditions.

8. Strengthen the research and popularization and application of major green and low-carbon science and technology

(20) Strengthen basic research and cutting-edge technology layout. Formulate action plans to support carbon peaking and carbon neutrality with science and technology, and prepare a roadmap for carbon neutral technology development. Adopt the mechanism of "revealing the list and taking command" to carry out low-carbon, zero-carbon and negative carbon and energy storage new materials, new technologies, and new equipment to tackle key problems. Strengthen basic theoretical and methodological research on the causes and impacts of climate change and ecosystem carbon sinks. Advance low-carbon cutting-edge technologies such as high-efficiency solar cells, hydrogen production from renewable energy, controllable nuclear fusion, and zero-carbon industrial process reengineering. Cultivate a number of national key laboratories for energy saving and carbon reduction and new energy technology product research and development, national technological innovation centers, and major scientific and technological innovation platforms. Build a carbon peak, carbon neutral talent system, and encourage colleges and universities to add carbon peak, carbon neutral and related disciplines.

(21) Accelerate the research and development and promotion of advanced and applicable technologies. In-depth research on smart grid technologies that support large-scale friendly grid-connection of wind power and solar power. Strengthen the research, demonstration and industrial application of new energy storage technologies such as electrochemistry and compressed air. Strengthen the research and development, demonstration and large-scale application of hydrogen energy production, storage, and application of key technologies. Promote energy-saving and low-carbon technologies such as cascaded utilization of energy in parks. Promote the development and application of new materials such as airgel. Promote large-scale carbon capture utilization and storage technology research and development, demonstration and industrial application. Establish and improve green and low-carbon technology evaluation, trading system and technological innovation service platform.

9. Continue to consolidate and improve carbon sink capacity

(22) Consolidate the carbon sink capacity of the ecosystem. Strengthen land space planning and use control, strictly observe the red line of ecological protection, strictly control the occupation of ecological space, and stabilize the carbon sequestration of existing forests, grasslands, wetlands, oceans, soils, permafrost, and karst. Strictly control the scale of new construction land, and promote the utilization of existing construction land in urban and rural areas. Strictly implement land use standards, strengthen the evaluation of economical and intensive land use, and promote land-saving technologies and land-saving models.

(23) Increase the increment of ecosystem carbon sinks. Implement major ecological protection and restoration projects, and carry out integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand. In-depth promotion of large-scale land afforestation actions, consolidate the results of returning farmland to forests and grasslands, implement precise forest quality improvement projects, and continue to increase forest area and stock volume. Strengthen grassland ecological protection and restoration. Strengthen wetland protection. Promote the protection and restoration of marine ecosystems as a whole, and improve the carbon sequestration capacity of mangroves, seagrass beds, and salt marshes. Carry out actions to improve the quality of arable land, implement the national black soil protection project, and increase carbon sinks in ecological agriculture. Actively promote the development and utilization of karst carbon sinks.

10. Improve the level of green and low-carbon development in opening up to the outside world

(24) Accelerate the establishment of a green trade system. Continue to optimize the trade structure, vigorously develop high-quality, high-tech, high value-added green product trade. Improve export policies and strictly manage the export of products with high energy consumption and high emissions. Actively expand the import of green and low-carbon products, energy-saving and environmental protection services, and environmental services.

(25) Promote the construction of the green "Belt and Road". Accelerate the green transformation of the “Belt and Road” investment cooperation. Support countries that jointly build the “Belt and Road” to develop and utilize clean energy. Vigorously promote South-South cooperation to help developing countries improve their ability to cope with climate change. Deepen exchanges and cooperation with other countries in green technology, green equipment, green services, green infrastructure construction, etc., actively promote my country's new energy and other green low-carbon technologies and products to go global, and make green the foundation for the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" color.

(26) Strengthen international exchanges and cooperation. Actively participate in international negotiations on climate change, adhere to the positioning of my country as a developing country, adhere to the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities, fairness and respective capabilities, and safeguard my country's development rights. Implement the "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change" and its "Paris Agreement", release my country's long-term development strategy for low greenhouse gas emissions, actively participate in the formulation of international rules and standards, and promote the establishment of a fair, reasonable, cooperative and win-win global climate governance system. Strengthen international exchanges and cooperation on climate change, coordinate domestic and foreign work, and actively participate in global climate and environmental governance.

XI. Improving laws, regulations, standards and statistical monitoring system

(27) Improve laws and regulations. Comprehensively clean up the contents of the current laws and regulations that are not compatible with the work of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, and strengthen the connection and coordination between laws and regulations. Research and formulate special laws for carbon neutrality, and promptly revise the Energy Conservation Law, Electric Power Law, Coal Law, Renewable Energy Law, Circular Economy Promotion Law, etc., to enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of relevant laws and regulations.

(28) Improve the standard measurement system. Establish and improve the carbon peak, carbon neutral standard measurement system. Accelerate the updating and upgrading of energy conservation standards, promptly revise a batch of energy consumption quotas, mandatory national standards for energy efficiency of products and equipment, and engineering construction standards, increase the requirements for energy consumption quotas for key products, expand the coverage of energy consumption quota standards, and improve energy accounting, testing and certification, and evaluation , auditing and other supporting standards. Accelerate the improvement of carbon emission verification and accounting report standards for regions, industries, enterprises, and products, and establish a unified and standardized carbon accounting system. Formulate greenhouse gas emission standards for key industries and products, and improve the low-carbon product standard labeling system. Actively participate in the formulation of relevant international standards and strengthen the international connection of standards.

(29) Improve statistics and monitoring capabilities. Improve the statistical monitoring and measurement system of energy consumption in the fields of electric power, steel, construction and other industries, and strengthen the construction of an online monitoring system for energy consumption of key energy-consuming units. Strengthen the capacity building of carbon dioxide emission statistics and calculation, and improve the level of informatization measurement. Relying on and expanding the natural resources survey and monitoring system, establish an ecosystem carbon sink monitoring and accounting system, carry out carbon sink background surveys and carbon storage assessments in forests, grasslands, wetlands, oceans, soils, permafrost, karst, etc., and implement ecological protection and restoration of carbon sinks Effectiveness monitoring and evaluation.

12. Improving the Policy Mechanism

(30) Improving investment policies. Give full play to the guiding role of government investment, build an investment and financing system compatible with carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, strictly control investment in high-carbon projects such as coal power, steel, electrolytic aluminum, cement, and petrochemicals, and increase investment in energy conservation, environmental protection, and new energy , Low-carbon transportation equipment and organizational methods, carbon capture utilization and storage and other projects support. Improve policies to support social capital participation, and stimulate the vitality of green and low-carbon investment in market entities. State-owned enterprises should increase green and low-carbon investment, and actively carry out R&D and application of low-carbon, zero-carbon and negative-carbon technologies.

(31) Actively develop green finance. Promote the development of green and low-carbon financial products and services in an orderly manner, establish carbon emission reduction monetary policy tools, incorporate green credit into the macro-prudential assessment framework, and guide banks and other financial institutions to provide long-term, low-cost funds for green and low-carbon projects. Encourage development policy financial institutions to provide long-term stable financing support for the realization of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in accordance with the principles of marketization and rule of law. Support qualified companies to go public for financing and refinancing for the construction and operation of green and low-carbon projects, and expand the scale of green bonds. Study the establishment of a national low-carbon transition fund. Encourage social capital to set up investment funds for green and low-carbon industries. Establish and improve the green financial standard system.

(32) Improve fiscal and taxation price policies. Finance at all levels should increase support for the development of green and low-carbon industries and technology research and development. Improve the government's green procurement standards and increase the procurement of green and low-carbon products. Implement tax incentives for environmental protection, energy and water conservation, and new and clean energy vehicles and ships. Research on tax policies related to carbon emission reduction. Establish and improve the price mechanism to promote the large-scale development of renewable energy. Improve policies on differentiated electricity prices, time-of-use electricity prices, and tiered electricity prices for residents. It is strictly forbidden to implement preferential electricity prices for industries with high energy consumption, high emissions, and resource-based industries. Accelerate the reform of heat supply metering and charge according to the amount of heat supplied. Accelerate the formation of a reasonably binding carbon price mechanism.

(33) Promote the construction of market-oriented mechanisms. Relying on the public resource trading platform, accelerate the construction and improvement of the national carbon emission trading market, gradually expand the market coverage, enrich the trading varieties and trading methods, and improve the quota allocation management. Incorporate carbon sink trading into the national carbon emission trading market, and establish and improve an ecological protection compensation mechanism that can reflect the value of carbon sinks. Improve carbon emission reporting and information disclosure systems for enterprises and financial institutions. Improve the paid use and trading system of energy use rights, and accelerate the construction of a national energy use right trading market. Strengthen the coordination and connection of electricity trading, energy use trading and carbon emission trading. Develop market-oriented energy-saving methods, implement contract energy management, and promote comprehensive energy-saving services.

Thirteen. Effectively strengthen the organization and implementation

(34) Strengthen organizational leadership. Strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee on the work of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, and the leading group of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization work guides and coordinates the work of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. Support qualified localities, key industries, and key enterprises to take the lead in achieving carbon peaking, organize carbon peaking, carbon neutrality pilot demonstrations, and explore effective models and beneficial experiences. Make carbon peaking and carbon neutrality an important part of the cadre education and training system, and enhance the ability of leading cadres at all levels to promote green and low-carbon development.

(35) Strengthen overall planning and coordination. The National Development and Reform Commission should strengthen overall planning, organize the implementation of the carbon peak action plan before 2030, strengthen carbon neutral work planning, regularly dispatch relevant departments in various regions to implement the progress of carbon peak and carbon neutral tasks, and strengthen follow-up evaluation and Supervise and inspect, coordinate and solve major problems encountered in the implementation. All relevant departments should strengthen coordination and cooperation to form a joint force to ensure consistent policy orientation and step-by-step coordination.

(36) Consolidate local responsibilities. To implement the responsibility system for leading cadres to build an ecological civilization, local party committees and governments at all levels must resolutely shoulder the responsibilities of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, clarify goals and tasks, formulate implementation measures, and consciously contribute to the realization of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

(37) Strict supervision and assessment. All regions should include carbon peaking and carbon neutrality related indicators into the comprehensive evaluation system of economic and social development, increase the weight of assessment, and strengthen indicator constraints. Strengthen the assessment of the implementation of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and tasks, commend and reward regions, units and individuals that have outstanding work in accordance with regulations, and implement circular criticism and interview accountability for regions and departments that have not completed the goals and tasks in accordance with regulations and laws. The relevant implementation is included in the central ecological and environmental protection supervision. The implementation situation of each region and relevant departments is reported to the Party Central Committee and the State Council every year.